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Reproduction

Asexual and sexual reproduction, human reproduction, embryology

Key Concepts
  • Human male: spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules; FSH and LH regulate
  • Human female: oogenesis; menstrual cycle ~28 days; ovulation at day ~14
  • Fertilisation: in the fallopian tube; zygote implants in uterine wall
  • Double fertilisation in angiosperms: one sperm fertilises egg (zygote), other fertilises polar nuclei (endosperm)
  • Reproductive health: STIs, contraception, infertility, ART (IVF, ZIFT, GIFT)
Important Formulae
Gestation period ~280 days (40 weeks) in humans
Embryo development Zygote → morula → blastocyst → gastrula → embryo
Quick Tips
  • FSH stimulates follicle growth; LH surge triggers ovulation; HCG is the pregnancy hormone detected in pregnancy tests.
  • In plants: pollination ≠ fertilisation; pollen tube carries male gametes to ovule.
  • Apomixis: seed formation without fertilisation (e.g., some grasses).
Sample Practice Questions

  1. In vitro fertilisation (IVF) involves:

    • Artificial insemination only
    • Fertilisation of egg outside the body, then implantation in uterus
    • Cloning of embryo
    • Gene therapy of egg
    Show answer

    Answer: Fertilisation of egg outside the body, then implantation in uterus

  2. In plants, the embryo develops from the:

    • Primary endosperm nucleus
    • Fertilised egg (zygote)
    • Pollen grain
    • Nucellus
    Show answer

    Answer: Fertilised egg (zygote)

  3. In humans, the site of fertilisation is normally the:

    • Uterus
    • Ovary
    • Fallopian tube (oviduct)
    • Cervix
    Show answer

    Answer: Fallopian tube (oviduct)

  4. Parthenogenesis is development of an embryo from:

    • Fertilised egg
    • Unfertilised egg
    • Stem cell
    • Somatic cell
    Show answer

    Answer: Unfertilised egg

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Practice Questions

Practice 20 randomly selected NEET questions on Reproduction. Answers are revealed after each question.

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Biology Topics