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Diversity in Living Organisms

Classification, kingdoms, plant and animal taxonomy

Key Concepts
  • Five kingdoms: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
  • Binomial nomenclature: Genus species (italicised; genus capitalised)
  • Taxonomic hierarchy: Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species
  • Viruses: acellular; obligate intracellular parasites; DNA or RNA, not both
  • Fungi: heterotrophic; cell wall of chitin; reproduce by spores
Important Formulae
Mnemonic (taxonomy levels) King Philip Came Over For Good Soup
Quick Tips
  • Bryophytes: amphibians of plant kingdom (need water for fertilisation); no vascular tissue.
  • Gymnosperms: naked seeds; Angiosperms: seeds enclosed in fruit.
  • Phylum Chordata: includes all vertebrates + some invertebrates with notochord at some stage.
Sample Practice Questions

  1. Pteridophytes (ferns) differ from bryophytes in having:

    • No roots
    • True vascular tissue (xylem and phloem)
    • Seeds
    • Motile sperm only
    Show answer

    Answer: True vascular tissue (xylem and phloem)

  2. Notochord is a characteristic feature of:

    • All vertebrates only
    • Chordates
    • Arthropods
    • Echinoderms
    Show answer

    Answer: Chordates

  3. Which of the following is an example of Phylum Arthropoda?

    • Earthworm
    • Cockroach
    • Leech
    • Starfish
    Show answer

    Answer: Cockroach

  4. Lichen is a symbiotic association of:

    • Bacteria and fungi
    • Fungi and algae (or cyanobacteria)
    • Algae and bryophytes
    • Fungi and plants
    Show answer

    Answer: Fungi and algae (or cyanobacteria)

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Practice Questions

Practice 20 randomly selected NEET questions on Diversity in Living Organisms. Answers are revealed after each question.

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Biology Topics