Critical Analysis

Argument Structure

Identify: Claim (what the author argues) → Evidence (how it's supported) → Warrant (why the evidence supports the claim).

Questions may ask: What is the author's main claim? How does paragraph 3 support the argument? What would weaken the argument?

Rhetorical Devices

• Ethos: appeal to credibility/authority
• Logos: appeal to logic/evidence
• Pathos: appeal to emotion
• Anaphora: repetition at the start of sentences for emphasis
• Juxtaposition: placing contrasting ideas side by side

Evaluating Evidence

• Is the evidence relevant? Does it actually support the claim?
• Is it sufficient? One example is rarely enough to prove a general rule.
• Could there be counter-evidence? Strong arguments address objections.
• Is the source credible? Look for expertise, bias indicators.