Main Idea & Author's Purpose

Identifying the central argument and why the author wrote the passage

Explanation

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Passages are longer and more complex. The main idea may be implied across multiple paragraphs rather than stated in a single sentence.

Strategy: after reading, write a one-sentence summary. Then find the answer choice that best matches your summary.

Ask: Why did the author write this?

To inform/explain: gives facts, definitions, explanations (textbook-style)
To persuade/argue: presents a point of view with evidence and wants you to agree
To entertain: tells a story, uses vivid language, creates atmosphere
To describe: paints a picture using sensory details

Tone is the author's attitude toward the subject. Common tone words:

admiring enthusiastic critical sceptical neutral/objective nostalgic melancholic hopeful

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Topics in Reading Comprehension