Classifications & Categories

Grouping items by shared properties and hierarchies

Explanation

What is Classification?

Classification means grouping items by shared properties. Questions may ask you to identify the category, find a new member of a group, or spot which item was misclassified.

Hierarchical Categories

Categories are nested — broader groups contain narrower ones:

  • Living Thing → Animal → Mammal → Dog → Labrador
  • Vehicle → Land Vehicle → Car → Sports Car

Common Category Types

Category TypeExample Members
AnimalsMammals, birds, reptiles, fish, insects
PlantsTrees, shrubs, flowers, ferns, mosses
MaterialsMetal, wood, plastic, fabric, glass
Parts of speechNoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition
ShapesPolygons, circles, 3D solids, quadrilaterals
Countries / RegionsContinents, countries, states, cities

Sample Question & Key Tips

Q: Which word belongs with Eagle, Sparrow, and Penguin?
a) Dolphin   b) Ostrich   c) Shark   d) Frog

A: Ostrich — all are birds. (Penguins and ostriches can't fly, but they are still birds.)

Key Tips

  • Find the most specific category all known members share (don't just say "animals" if they're all birds)
  • Test each answer option: does it fit the most specific category?
  • Watch for items that seem to fit but belong to a different subcategory
  • In "which does NOT belong" questions, you're doing the inverse �� see the Odd One Out topic
Practice Questions

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